In the medieval period the west of the region was dominated by large
tracts of open moorland, mirrored by large wetland landscapes in the
east.
Settlements were a mix of scattered farmsteads and small nucleated
villages that often contained a manor house and sometimes with a church.
The nucleated settlements were often surrounded by a series of open
fields although there were also small irregular fields taken in from
former woodland in upland areas. There were also large areas of unenclosed
common through the district.
Large enclosed deer parks were also a feature of the landscape.